1.3. TortoiseSVN's Features TortoiseSVN的特色 www.shengfang.org
What makes TortoiseSVN such a good Subversion client? Here's a short list of features. 是什么造就了TortoiseSVN成为一个优秀的SUBVERSION客户端，这里有一份简单的特色列表

Shell integration 外壳集成扩展 www.shengfang.org
TortoiseSVN integrates seamlessly into the Windows shell (i.e. the explorer). This means you can keep working with the tools you're already familiar with. And you do not have to change into a different application each time you need functions of the version control!

TortoiseSVN和WINDOWS外壳程序，例如 资源管理器，无缝集成，这意味着你能够继续使用你已经非常熟悉的工具。并且如果当你需要进行版本控制工作的时候，你不需要每次都切换到另外一个不同的程序。

And you are not even forced to use the Windows Explorer. TortoiseSVN's context menus work in many other file managers, and in the File/Open dialog which is common to most standard Windows applications. You should, however, bear in mind that TortoiseSVN is intentionally developed as extension for the Windows Explorer. Thus it is possible that in other applications the integration is not as complete and e.g. the icon overlays may not be shown.

当然，你也不是被绑定在WINDOWS的资源管理器上，Tortoisesvn的扩展菜单可以工作在很多文件管理器上，或者大多数标准WINDOWS应用程序使用的文件打开对话框，你知道，不论如何，记住tortoisesvn是有意的作为WINDOWS资源管理器的扩展而开发的，因此，在别的应用程序上集成可能没有那么完善，例如重叠图标不能显示。 www.shengfang.org

Icon overlays 重叠图标 www.shengfang.org
The status of every versioned file and folder is indicated by small overlay icons. That way you can see right away what the status of your working copy is.

每一个处于版本控制状态下的文件＆文件夹状态都用一个小的重叠图标指示出来，这样你就可以立刻直观的了解到你的工作拷贝状态了 www.shengfang.org

Easy access to Subversion commands 方便使用SUBVERSION命令
All Subversion commands are available from the explorer context menu. TortoiseSVN adds its own submenu there. www.shengfang.org

所有的SUBVERSION命令都能够在资源管理器扩展菜单上找到对应选项，TORTOISESVN还增加了自有子菜单

Since TortoiseSVN is a Subversion client, we would also like to show you some of the features of Subversion itself:

由于TORTOISESVN是一个SUBVERSION客户端，我们也愿意为你展示一些SUBVERSION自身特有的功能

Directory versioning 目录版本 www.shengfang.org
CVS only tracks the history of individual files, but Subversion implements a “virtual” versioned filesystem that tracks changes to whole directory trees over time. Files and directories are versioned. As a result, there are real client-side move and copy commands that operate on files and directories.

CVS只能跟踪单个文件的历史记录，但是SUBVERSION实现了一个虚拟的版本控制文件系统，可以跟踪这个文件夹树的改变记录。文件＆目录都处于版本控制之下，结果就是，真正的实现了客户端移动复制命令对文件＆文件夹操作

Atomic commits 原子提交 www.shengfang.org
A commit either goes into the repository completely, or not at all. This allows developers to construct and commit changes as logical chunks.

一个提交或者成功的完整的提交到仓库，或者没有。这允许开发者以逻辑块进行修改＆提交

Versioned metadata 版本元数据 www.shengfang.org

Each file and directory has an invisible set of “properties” attached. You can invent and store any arbitrary key/value pairs you wish. Properties are versioned over time, just like file contents. 每个文件＆文件都有一个不可见的属性设置绑定，你可以创建＆储存 你想要的任意的 关键字－值 对，属性如同文件内容一样随着时间的流逝处于版本控制中

Choice of network layers 网络层选择
Subversion has an abstracted notion of repository access, making it easy for people to implement new network mechanisms. Subversion's “advanced” network server is a module for the Apache web server, which speaks a variant of HTTP called WebDAV/DeltaV. This gives Subversion a big advantage in stability and interoperability, and provides various key features for free: authentication, authorization, wire compression, and repository browsing, for example. A smaller, standalone Subversion server process is also available. This server speaks a custom protocol which can be easily tunneled over ssh.

Subversion 有抽象的文件库存取概念，可以让人很容易地制作新的网络机制。Subversion “先进” 的网络服务器，是 Apache网页服务器的一个模块，它以称为 WebDAV/DeltaV 的 HTTP 变体协议与外界沟通。这对Subversion的稳定性与互通性有很大的帮助， 而且额外提供了许多重要功能：举例来说，有身份认证，授权，在线压缩，以及文件库浏览。 另外也有小而独立的Subversion服务器程序，使用的是自定义的通讯协议，可以很容易地透过SSH以tunnel方式使用。

Consistent data handling 一致的数据操作
Subversion expresses file differences using a binary differencing algorithm, which works identically on both text (human-readable) and binary (human-unreadable) files. Both types of files are stored equally compressed in the repository, and differences are transmitted in both directions across the network.  www.shengfang.org

Subversion使用一种二进制比较算法明确不同文件，它统一的工作于文本文件 人类可读，二进制 人类不能读 的文件，这些类型的文件都是同样的压缩存储在仓库中，在网络互相交叉传输不同部分

Efficient branching and tagging 更有效率的分之＆标签
The cost of branching and tagging need not be proportional to the project size. Subversion creates branches and tags by simply copying the project, using a mechanism similar to a hard-link. Thus these operations take only a very small, constant amount of time, and very little space in the repository.  www.shengfang.org

分支＆标签并不一定和工程大小成比例，Subversion创建分支和标签通过简单的复制工程，使用硬连接机制关系相同的部分，因此这些操作只需要一个非常小的，不变的时间统计，非常小的仓库空间

Hackability 随意删改的才能 可裁减
Subversion has no historical baggage; it is implemented as a collection of shared C libraries with well-defined APIs. This makes Subversion extremely maintainable and usable by other applications and languages. Subversion没有任何历史包袱，它主要是一群共享的 C 链接库, 具有定义完善的 API. 这使得 Subversion 便于维护, 并且可被其它应用程序与程序语言使用.